![]() A two-person verification procedure would precede the entering of the codes into a Permissive Action Link. Then, using Milstar, the aide, a military officer, would contact the National Military Command Center and NORAD to determine the scope of the pre-emptive nuclear strike and prepare a second strike, following which Milstar/ Advanced Extremely High Frequency or Boeing E-4Bs and TACAMOs would transmit the currently valid nuclear launch code to all operational nuclear delivery systems. These are among the preset war plans developed under OPLAN 8010 (formerly the Single Integrated Operational Plan). ![]() The president would then review the attack options with the secretary of defense and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and decide on a plan, which could range from the launch of a single cruise missile to that of multiple ICBMs. A command signal, or "watch" alert, would then be issued to the Joint Chiefs of Staff. If the US president (who is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces) decides to order the use of nuclear weapons, the briefcase would be opened. Video describing the United States' nuclear launch authorization process A small antenna protrudes from the bag near the handle, suggesting that it also contains communications equipment of some kind. Another 2005 article described it as a leather briefcase weighing about 45 pounds (20 kg), and included a photo of an aide carrying such a case. A separate 2005 article described the football as a metal Zero Halliburton briefcase. It contained information on sites around the country where the president could be taken in an emergency.Īccording to a 2005 Washington Post article, the president is always accompanied by a military aide carrying the nuclear football with launch codes for nuclear weapons. The book with classified site locations was about the same size as the Black Book, and was black. The Black Book was about 9 by 12 inches and had 75 loose-leaf pages printed in black and red. ![]() The Black Book containing the retaliatory options, a book listing classified site locations, a manila folder with eight or ten pages stapled together giving a description of procedures for the Emergency Alert System, and a three-by-five-inch card with authentication codes. In his 1980 book Breaking Cover, Bill Gulley, former director of the White House Military Office, wrote: Functioning as a mobile hub in the strategic defense system of the United States, the Football is carried by a military aide when the President is traveling. ![]() The nuclear football (has also been known as the atomic football, the President's Emergency Satchel, the satchel, the button, the Black Bag, the black box, or just the football) is a briefcase, the contents of which are to be used by the president of the United States to communicate and authorize a nuclear attack while away from fixed command centers, such as the White House Situation Room or the Presidential Emergency Operations Center. 1977 Model-reconstruction of the briefcase used by the president of the United States to authorize a nuclear attack while away from fixed command centers. ![]()
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